Toy airplane motor



Sept. 16, 1941. J. MOLNA-R 5 TOY AIRPLAIIIE MOTOR Filed May 2, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNV ENTOR ATTORNEY Joke vb Molnar- BY 17? H Sept. 16, 1941. J. MOLNAR 2256,02

TOY AIRPLANE MOTOR Filed ma 2, 1940 2 Sheets- Sheet 2 INVENTOR Z6 Jbsepl: MOZVZQF T -11. BY i J I ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 16, 1941 2,256,002 TOY AIRPLANE MOTOR Joseph Molnar, Trenton, N. J. Application May 2, 1940, Serial No. 332,936

3,0laims.

This invention relates to new and useful im- V provements in a toy airplane motor.

The invention has for an object the construction of a toy airplane motor-adapted to be operated by gasoline or similar fuels and constructed in an extremely simple manner.

More specifically; the invention proposes to characterize the toy airplane motor by an air tight crankcase having a tubular member on one side through which the crank shaft is rotatively supported, and an arrangement whereby the incoming fuel is sucked into the crankcase to be better carbureted.

The invention also proposes a carburetor comprising an air intake tube through which a fuel tube controlled by a needle nozzle is passed to supply air and fuel to a port formed in the side of a cylinder for the motor.

' shaft.

Still further the invention contemplates arranging the cylinder of the motor in a particular manner and associating it with the crankcase and carburetor device in an extremely simple fashion.

Still further the invention contemplates the I provision of a novel make and break arranged Fig; 11 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of Fig. 6.

The toy airplane motor, according to this invention, includes an air-tight crankcase Ill having a tubular member II on one side. The other side of the crankcase is closed with a plug I2 which is threadedly engaged in position. Thetubular member II is provided with an Oilite oil cushion bearing bushing I3. A crank shaft I4 is rotatively engaged through the tubular member II and its bushing I3. This crank shaft comprises a shaft proper I l having'a disc portion I4 mounted on its inner end. This disc portion is cut out at the two'sides I40 so as to counterbalance the piston rod and piston during operation of the motor.

A cam I5 is mounted on an outer portion of the crank shaft I4 immediately adjacent the outer end of the tubular member II on a tapered portion M of the crank shaft. This tapered portion is formed to maintain the compression and vacuum in the crankcase II), also to permit the setting of the cam in various desired positions, and by so doing the timer, which will be and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features 'of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a toy airplane motor constructed in accordance with this invention. I

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view looking from the right hand end of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevational view of Fig. 1.

.. Fig. 4 is an end elevational view looking from the left hand end of Fig. 1 with the propeller described hereinafter, may also be used in various set positions, such as in the horizontal or vertical positions. A cylinder I6 is mounted on the crankcase III. The adjacent portions -of these par-ts, cylinder and crankcase, are formed with threads H by which they are connected.

The cylinder I6 has a bottom opening I8 connecting the interiors of the cylinder and crankcase together. A hollow, piston I9 is disposed within the cylinder I6 and is associated with a connecting rod 20 connected thereto with a pin 2 I. This pin is prevented from sliding by a pair of piston pin keys 2|", snapped into suitable openings in pin 2I, at the ends of the pin, adjacent the inner wall of the hollow piston IS, The lower end of rod 20 is connected to an eccentric pin 2| mounted on the disc ll This pin 2| is surrounded by a flanged brass bearing" 20 which is held in position by a split washer or rod key 2Ic which is adapted to engage and anchor in an annular groove 2 I in the eccentric pin 2|. This bearing prevents the wear of'the connecting rod '20 and pin 2|, and may be interchanged whenever desired without removing the entire piston I9 from the cylinder I6.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1.

. A small fuel tank 22 is supported by a metallic band 23 secured to the plug I2 by a fastening element 24. The band 23 has its outer end split open, and the end portions thereof are connect-.

Fig. 10 is a side elevational view of thecrank closes an opening through which the tank may be suppliedwith fuel. This plug has a. very small vent opening 21 permitting the passage of air into the fuel tank as gasoline, or the. fuel is used up.

A fuel discharge pipe 28 extends into the tank through its top wall and terminates near the bottom of the tank. The discharge pipe 28 is secured to the top 22" of the tank 22 by engag-' ing the threaded opening 22 by the threaded portion 28' of the pipe 28. The pipe 28 is formed with a flange 28 which .engages over the top 227 of the tank 22. A gasket 28 is interposed between the flange 28 and the tank top 22 to prevent evaporation of the fluid stored in the tank. Another nut 28. isadapted to engage a threaded extension 28 of the pipe 28, and by means of this nut, the pipe 28 is secured to the inlet pipe 32. The outer end of this pipe '28 is formed with a reduced portion 28 which has a nozzle opening 29. A bushing 30 is threadedly engaged on the reduced end 28 and is provided with a needle valve 3| operating across the nozzle opening 29 for controlling thev passage of fuel.

An air inlet pipe 32 has an open outer end 32 and has a central portion through which the reduced end 28 of the fuel pipe 28 passes. .This air inlet pipe 32 connects with fuel inlet ports 33 formed in the side wall of the cylinder l6. "Ihese' ports 33 are located at a point just beneath the piston l9 when the latter is in its, outer position.

The cylinder l8 has a jacket 34 attached on one side dividing off an enclosed passage 3 35. This passage 35 connects with bottom ports 35 adapted to align with ports 31 formed in the piston I 9, when the piston is in its inner position. The passage 35.also has top ports 38 which are just above the top of the piston I! when the piston is in its inner position.

A spark plug 42 is mounted on the outer end of the cylinder l8. The cylinder l6 has a removable head IB which is held in position by several fastening elements 43. The upper portion of the cylinder I6 is provided with a plurality of closely spaced fins 44 for air cooling purposes.

-A bracket 45 is frictionally turnably mounted upon the tubular member (see.Figs. 1 and 6). This bracket 45'has an annular bottom portion 45 which is formed with an open split 46. A fasto retard the spark. It should be noted that when the bracket is turned on the tubular member II, the end of the spring 5|! will be changed relative to the location of the recess l5 of the cam l5. The motor is now ready to be cranked.

The piston l3 duringv its upstroke will create.

suction in the cylinder l6, which will draw in air through the air tube 32. Fuel will also be drawn into this tube through the nozzle opening 28.

The incoming fuel will enter beneath the piston l9 into the crankcase. Then the piston l9 moves downwards and this fuel will be forced into the crankcase In. The fuel is being compressed beneath the piston l8. When the piston reaches its extreme lowered position the ports 36 and 31 align with each other and the compressed fuel is permitted to escape up through the passage 35 and through the ports 38 into the power cylinder 7 to the top of the piston IS.

The piston I9 now starts moving upwards and closes the ports 38. The fuel is completely compressed in the cylinder above the piston. When the fuel is completely compressed and the piston starts moving downwards the spark plug 42 functions to ignite the fuel which then drives the piston downwards under power. When the piston uncovers the ports 48 the burned gases will discharge. The bailie 4| tends to prevent an excess loss of good fuel which enters the cylinder through the ports 38 and which must be restrained from around on the tubular member so as to ad-, I

- vance the spark to increase the efliciency of the engine.

While Ihave illustratedand described the referred embodiments of my invention, itis to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise constructions herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

-Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United tening element 41 engages through lug portions mounted upon or formed on the material adjacent this split 46. This fastening element 41 is in the form of a screw which may be turned in 'portion is formed with a boss 48 into which a screw 43 threadedlyengages. The screw 48 sup. ports a steel spring 58. This spring 58 carries a contact 5| of a make and break. This contact I 5| is directly opposite a contact 52 which is mounted on the portion 45 offset to one sideof spring 50 in a position where no oil can splash on .these contact points.' By this arrangement the contacts 5| and 52 are kept clean from the splashing oil and thus the timing of the spark becomes more dependable than other toy airplane States Letters Patent is:

a fuel discharge pipe with a nozzle opening controlled with a needle valve, an air inlet pipe encasing that portion of the fuel discharge pipe having the nozzle opening and connecting with a fuel-inlet port in the side of said cylinder at a point beneath 'said piston when the piston isin its outer position, said cylinder having a passage with a bottom port aligning with a port in said piston when the piston is in its inner position and having a top port just above the piston in its infreely discharging out of the ports posed to said tubular member, and screw passing freely through an opening in said band and threadedly engaging an opening in said D1 8, said screw having its head sunk so as to be flush with the inside periphery of said band.

2. In an airplane motor,'an air-tight having a tubular member on one side, a crank shaft rotative through said tubular member and having a cam adjacent the outer end of said tubular member, a cylinder mounted on said crankcase and having its inner end connected with the interior of said crankcase. a hollow piston in said cylinder and having a connecting rod connecting it with said crank shaft, a small fuel tank mounted on said crankcase and having afuel discharge pipe with a nozzle opening controlled with a needle valve, an air inlet pipe encasing that portion of the fuel discharge pipe having the noasle opening and connecting with a fuel inlet port in the side of said cylinder at a point beneath said piston when the piston is in its outer position, said cylinder having a passage with a bottom port aligning with a port in said pistonwhen the piston is in its inner position and having a top port Just above the piston in its inner position.

top of said piston for separating the latter ports, said crankcase being provided with a plug on the side opposite said tubular member. I

8. In an airplane motor, an air-tight crankcase having a tubular member on one side, a crank mounted on said crankcase and having a fuel discharge pipe with a nozzle opening controlled with a needle valve, an air inlet pipe encasing that portion of the fuel discharge pipe'having the nozzle opening and connecting with a fuel inlet port in the side of said cylinder at a point beneath said piston when the piston is in its outer position, said cylinder having a passage with a bottom port aligning with a port in said piston when the piston is in its inner position and having a top port just above the piston in its inner position, said cylinder also having a burnt fuel discharge" port just above said top port, and a baiile on the top of said piston for separating the latter ports, said crankcase being provided with a plug on the side opposite said tubular member,

said fuel tank being supported by a band mounted on said plug. said band having a split portion so frictionally with a fastening element.

l Josrn'nisomers. 

